Spring6整合Junit

• Spring6整合Junit
  • Spring对Junit4的支持
  • Spring对Junit5的支持

十七、Spring6整合Junit

• Spring 底层有一套 API，这套 API 专门支持 JUnit。

17.1 Spring对Junit4的支持

1. 在 pom.xml 中引入依赖：

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   
       <groupId>com.f</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring6-010-junit</artifactId>
       <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
       <packaging>jar</packaging>
   
       <repositories>
           <repository>
               <id>repository.spring.milestone</id>
               <name>Spring Milestone Repository</name>
               <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
           </repository>
       </repositories>
       <dependencies>
           <!--spring context依赖-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
               <version>6.0.8</version>
           </dependency>
           <!--spring对junit支持的依赖-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
               <!--spring6既支持junit4又支持junit5-->
               <version>6.0.8</version>
           </dependency>
           <!--junit4依赖-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>junit</groupId>
               <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
               <version>4.13.2</version>
               <scope>test</scope>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
   
       <properties>
           <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
           <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
           <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
       </properties>
   
   </project>

2. 编写 Spring.xml 配置文件：

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
       <context:component-scan base-package="com.f.spring6.bean"/>
   </beans>

3. 实体类：

   package com.f.spring6.bean;
   
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
   
   /**
    * @author fzy
    * @date 2024/1/27 13:54
    */
   @Component
   public class User {
       @Value("张三")
       private String name;
   
       @Override
       public String toString() {
           return "User{" +
                   "name='" + name + '\'' +
                   '}';
       }
   
       public String getName() {
           return name;
       }
   
       public void setName(String name) {
           this.name = name;
       }
   }

4. 测试：

   package com.f.spring6.test;
   
   import com.f.spring6.bean.User;
   import org.junit.Test;
   import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
   import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
   import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
   import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
   
   /**
    * @author fzy
    * @date 2024/1/27 13:57
    */
   @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
   @ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")   // classpath表示从类的根路径开始加载
   // 在单元测试类中使用上面这两个注解之后，在单元测试类中的属性上可以使用@Autowired进行注入，比较方便
   public class SpringJunit4Test {
       @Autowired
       private User user;
   
       @Test
       public void testUser() {
           // ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
           // User user = applicationContext.getBean("user", User.class);
           System.out.println(user);
       }
   }

17.2 Spring对Junit5的支持

• Spring 对 JUnit 支持的依赖还是：spring-test。
  • 相比于 Junit4 ，主要是依赖变了，以及单元测试类中的注解变了。

1. 在 pom.xml 中引入依赖：

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   
       <groupId>com.f</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring6-010-junit</artifactId>
       <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
       <packaging>jar</packaging>
   
       <repositories>
           <repository>
               <id>repository.spring.milestone</id>
               <name>Spring Milestone Repository</name>
               <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
           </repository>
       </repositories>
       <dependencies>
           <!--spring context依赖-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
               <version>6.0.8</version>
           </dependency>
           <!--spring对junit支持的依赖-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
               <!--spring6既支持junit4又支持junit5-->
               <version>6.0.8</version>
           </dependency>
           <!--junit5依赖-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
               <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
               <version>5.9.0</version>
               <scope>test</scope>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
   
       <properties>
           <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
           <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
           <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
       </properties>
   
   </project>

2. 编写 Spring.xml 配置文件：

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
       <context:component-scan base-package="com.f.spring6.bean"/>
   </beans>

3. 实体类：

   package com.f.spring6.bean;
   
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
   
   /**
    * @author fzy
    * @date 2024/1/27 13:54
    */
   @Component
   public class User {
       @Value("张三")
       private String name;
   
       @Override
       public String toString() {
           return "User{" +
                   "name='" + name + '\'' +
                   '}';
       }
   
       public String getName() {
           return name;
       }
   
       public void setName(String name) {
           this.name = name;
       }
   }

4. 测试：

   package com.f.spring6.test;
   
   import com.f.spring6.bean.User;
   import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
   import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
   import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
   
   /**
    * @author fzy
    * @date 2024/1/27 14:14
    */
   @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
   @ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")
   public class SpringJunit5Test {
       @Autowired
       private User user;
   
       @Test
       public void testUser() {
           System.out.println(user);
       }
   }